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G写作笔记总分结构的拓展

2005-09-22

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05年G类写作笔记:总分结构的拓展

来源:环球教育网 www.ielts.com.cn 2005-9-22

  一、以讲义P3题目为例讲解总分结构的拓展:

  讲义P3:Some people believe that the bicycle is the best way to travel from one place to the other. State the advantages and disadvantages of riding bicycle.

  与开汽车相比较

  1、骑自行车的优点

  ㈠Physical health: ⑴开汽车只是手和脚做很少的运动;

  ⑵骑自行车则是全身运动。

  ㈡Pollution:自行车没有尾气排放emission,不燃烧任何燃料fuel,不产生任何的pollutant,所以没有physical和chemical的损害damage。

  ㈢Save space: 汽车要occupy大约6?;

  而自行车只要不到1?。

  而且,一部汽车如果只有一个人坐,则浪费空间,而自行车不存在这种问题。

  还可以说些安全问题safety。

  2、骑自行车的缺点

  ㈠Distance:自行车不能cover a long distance,一个人一般最远骑3-5km。

  骑太久会导致人疲劳fatigue,同时浪费时间waste time。

  ㈡Wind/rain/sun:自行车无法阻挡恶劣的天气。

  ㈢Economy:自行车产业对国家经济发展没有推动作用,nation-wide

  Mobile industry can promote a lot of other industries’ development, such as computer, steel…

  ※二、IELTS作文Task2部分

  三类十二条(把抽象题目具体化)

  第一类:个体角度 Individual:

  ㈠ Physical health(很基本的一个出发点),如:各种运动,放风筝等。

  ㈡ Psychological development:现在的社会容易让人形成心理压力stress/pressure,以及太多的挫败感too much frustration,成功的机会很少success chance is very limited。

  ㈢ Academic success

  ㈣ Career achievement

  ㈤ Moral / Aesthetic

  第二类:家庭角度 Family

  ㈠ Generation gaps:孩子放学回家后,由于过多的作业和压力,根本没时间和心情与父母交流,communication between adolescents and adults is very limited;

  这种代沟是不能消灭的,而该在父母与孩子之间建立一种沟通的桥梁,we cannot eliminate the generation gaps, but should bridge over them。

  ㈡ Husband & Wife

  ㈢ Parents:孝顺父母问题honor。

  第三类:社会角度 Society (如P5 国际间旅游题目)

  ㈠ Environment(Environmental Problems)

  pollution=contamination

  air pollution & soil pollution & water pollution

  water and soil erosion 水土流失

  deforestation乱砍乱伐

  导致空气中二氧化碳释放并在大气中积聚carbon dioxide is released and accumulated in the atmosphere;

  汽车尾气排放引起温室效应greenhouse effect,引致酸雨acid rain等现象的出现

  引起全球变暖global warming
  
  冰山融化iceberg melt away

  海平面上升sea level rises up

  物种多样性降低 bio-diversity falls down

  会导致一些物种的灭绝plants & animals extinction

  对生态系统形成威胁 ecosystem

  疾病大肆传播diseases widely spread

  ㈡ Economy development

  ⑴农业经济的可持续性发展 Agricultural sustainable development

  反例:为了提高产量raise the crop yields,而使用化肥fertilizer和农药pesticide,最终会导致顶层土壤top soil的减少。

  ⑵工业经济可持续性发展 Industrial sustainable development

  ①采矿业 mining

  ②制造业 manufacture:mechanical & electronical manufacture…

  ③科学研究领域: out space discoveries

  submarine / deep ocean discoveries

  可以显示出一个国家的经济实力

  ㈢ Education

  教育的宗旨是传播和创造知识,Education is aimed to spread and create knowledge,教育同时可以培养一个人的人品和人格shape personality。

  电脑能否代替教师题目:不能。

  原因是:⑴电脑可以传播知识,但是无法创造知识,而教师可以。

  ⑵教师可以培养一个学生的人品人格,而电脑不可以。

  ㈣ Democracy

  民主的社会应该使公民的人权Human Rights得到保证,并做到对每个个体有同等equality的待遇。

  三、主体具体拓展精解

  ※(重点练习题目)

  讲义P4:With the urbanization of the society, many people in the outskirts have immigrated to cities. This causes some inconvenience to the cities, such as overpopulation or upgrading crime rates. Give your reasons for their migration and offer your suggestions to alleviate the problem.

  这是一篇5段作文

  庄子例文:

  §1 开头段

  ①暗喻,8分 ②分词短语结构(主动形式),8分

  The stream of immigration from countryside to major cities ( between 1980 to 2000 ) turns into a flood, triggering a serious sociological study. To reveal / discover the reasons, I would like to insightfully 深刻地analyze this issue from the following aspects.

  §2 主体段 1 st

  ①强调句型,8分

  First of all, it is mainly the rich employment opportunities ( major cities provide ) that draw / attract people from rural areas to urban areas.

  ② 定语从句,8分

  §3 主体段2 nd

  ①分词结构(被动形式)

  Second, compared with the countryside, metropolis / big cities are rich in education institutes, such as colleges, universities, and training centers, all of which are beneficial not only to adults, but also to adolescents.

  ②列举结构以及并列结构的使用

  ③非限定性定语从句

  3层以上复杂结构,9分

  其他段落省略

  ※(重点练习题目)

  讲义P6:Some people agree that all kinds of jobs should be open to men and women while others think some jobs are suitable for men and some jobs are suitable for women. Discuss and give your opinion.

  驳论:分析对立观点并加以驳斥;

  例论:举例。


 

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