潘多拉的魔盒--人工智能范文分析

　　最近有部日剧引起了很多悬疑剧爱好者的关注和热议--《轮到你了》，Yvonne老师在暑期高强度工作之余全靠这部剧来调剂生活了，可以说这条命是这部剧给的。不知道有没有小伙伴也在追这部剧呢?

　　这部剧目前更新到十集之后的《反击篇》。头十集讲述了在一个几乎由全日本最独(bian)特(tai)的人组成的社区里发生的杀人游戏。事件起源于一次居民委员会，会议结束后十三名成员将自己怀恨在心的人的名字写在纸条上投入盒子，再依次抽取。按照约定好的规则，抽签者需要将抽到的人杀掉。本来这是一个游戏，然而事件演变超出所有人意料，杀人事件拉开序幕……

　　《反击篇》主要讲述的是在第一季末尾痛失挚爱的男主翔太欲为妻报仇而追查真凶的故事。在数学系女大学生软萌妹子黑岛以及新入住的人工智能(AI))专业研究生二阶堂的帮助下，案情得到一定程度的突破。其中，这位AI小哥引起了我浓厚的兴趣，并不(完全)是因为颜值，而是因为这让我想到了一个和AI有关的雅思题目。(这个弯儿有没有转得猝不及防?)

　　桥豆麻袋，先不要着急关闭页面退出阅读哦，AI是未来几十年发展势头很迅猛的产业，因此与时俱进的雅思官方应该也会注意到这点，时不时出出这类话题难为一下大家。所以大家最好还是火速关注起来。

　　Some people believe that developments in the field of artificial intelligence will have a positive impact on our lives in the near future. Others, by contrast, are worried that we are not prepared for a world in which computers are more intelligent than humans. Discuss both of these views and give your own opinion.

　　范文：

　　People seem to be either excited or worried about the future impact of artificial intelligence. Personally I can understand the two opposing points of view; I am both fascinated by developments in artificial intelligence and apprehensive about its possible negative effects.

　　On the one hand, the increasing intelligence of technology should bring some obvious benefits. Machines are clearly able to do many jobs better than humans can, especially in areas that require high levels of accuracy or calculations using large amounts of data. For example, robots are being developed that can carry out surgical procedures with greater precision than a human doctor, and we already have cars that use sensors and cameras to drive themselves. Such technologies can improve safety by reducing the likelihood of human errors. It is easy to imagine how these developments, and many others, will steadily improve our quality of life.

　　On the other hand, I share the concerns of people who believe that artificial intelligence may harm us if we are not careful. In the short term, it is likely that we will see a rise in unemployment as workers in various industries are replaced by machines or software programs. For example, self-driving vehicles are expected to cause redundancies in driving jobs, such as lorry drivers, taxi drivers and bus drivers. In the medium term, if intelligent technologies gradually take jobs away from humans, we may find that people become deskilled and lose their sense of purpose in life. A longer term fear is that computers become so intelligent that they begin to make decisions without human oversight and without regard for our well-being.

　　In conclusion, while intelligent machines will no doubt improve our lives in many ways, the potential risks of such technologies should not be ignored.

　　下面我们一起来分析一下这个题目及范文

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　　第一步：仔细阅读题目，把握题目中的关键词，明确题目中的正反两方观点

　　Key words:artificial intelligence ;positive impact ;not prepared for; computers more intelligent than humans

　　【思考】读完题，我们明确了这是个双边讨论题目。这种题目其实已经将对立双方观点直接呈现给了我们，我们要做的就是去分析双方观点的合理性来回应discuss both views这个任务——AI能给我们的生活带来的好处VS 隐患。结合我们生活中已经在使用的AI技术，相信大家不难找到思路切入点，再结合利弊角度列出提纲要点，例如：

　　AI的好处AI的隐患

　　1. 智能电饭煲--从家务中解脱--做想做的事--提升幸福感

　　2. 商场里的智能向导机器人--信息完善--快速便捷--节省时间

　　3. 《轮到你了》里面的犯罪侧写AI程序--计算分析功能强大--杜绝人工失误--侦破案件

　　……1.从家务解脱--丧失必要生活技能

　　2.商场不需雇佣那么多员工--失业率上升

　　3.落在非法分子之手--编辑犯罪程序(金融诈骗等)--威胁治安

　　……

　　通过左右对比我们可以看出，写作题目中的一个虚无缥缈的概念一旦落实到我们生活的方方面面，形象就变得具体饱满，这能够充实我们的思路观点以及后续的论证展开。此外，我们也可以看出一个与事物的弊端往往会与其好处并行，换个角度考虑问题会打开新世界的大门哦!

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　　第二步：读范文，边读边思考并记录文章段落的框架，记录好词好句

　　这有利于我们学习和积累范文的思路、论点和论据的展开方式，同时积累其中的好词好句。

　　下面我们开始逐段展开分析：

　　【开头段】

　　People seem to be either excited or worried about the future impact of artificial intelligence. (没有背景铺垫，通过改写题目方法直接切入话题) Personally I can understand the two opposing points of view; I am both fascinated by developments in artificial intelligence and apprehensive about its possible negative effects.(表明个人折中立场：双方都有道理)

　　【段落结构】改写题目+个人立场

　　【好词好句】

　　①People seem to be either excited or worried about...“人们对于某个话题要么是支持态度要么是反对态度”。等同于常见表达“The issue whether...or...has sparked heated debate among the public.”或者“there has been an extensive debate over...”

　　②Personally I can understand the two opposing points of view.此处”two opposing points of views”指代上一句的“excited”和“worried”两个相反态度，实现衔接。

　　③Be fascinated by 着迷于

　　④Be apprehensive about 对……感到不安，忧虑

　　【论点1】On the one hand(连接词：一方面), the increasing intelligence of technology should bring some obvious benefits.(交代这段的中心大意：AI的好处) Machines are clearly able to do many jobs better than humans can, especially in areas that require high levels of accuracy or calculations using large amounts of data.(分论点：AI在工作方面的好处) For example, robots are being developed that can carry out surgical procedures with greater precision than a human doctor, and we already have cars that use sensors and cameras to drive themselves.(以医疗机器人和自动驾驶汽车为例佐证分论点观点) Such technologies can improve safety by reducing the likelihood of human errors. It is easy to imagine how these developments, and many others, will steadily improve our quality of life.(进一步说明AI运用与工作能带来的有利结果)

　　【段落结构】主题句+分论点+细节例子+推导结果。

　　【好词好句】

　　①　especially in areas that require high levels of accuracy or calculations using large amounts of data(1. especially 能起到递进效果，进一步解释前文，实现降级具体化，让观点变得强有力2. calculations using large amounts of data是通过使用现在分词对定语从句calculations which use large amounts of data进行简化，要注意高级句型并不一定都是以长取胜的，而往往是简洁有效的 3.large amounts of大量的 (类似可积累表达： a great number of, a host of, an abundance of, a great deal of, a myriad of, a multitude of, numerous, a large quantity of, plenty of，a wealth of )

　　②　carry out surgical procedures with greater precision (1.carry out实施 2.surgical procedure 手术程序 3.with+n.可以对一些表达“有着……特征的”定语从句进行简化 4. precision n.精确)

　　③　sensors 传感器

　　④　 Such technologies 对上文中的医疗机器人和自驾汽车进行指代，实现上下文衔接，避免重复上文词语

　　⑤　reducing the likelihood减少可能性

　　【论点2】On the other hand (逻辑衔接词：另一方面), I share the concerns of people who believe that artificial intelligence may harm us if we are not careful.(交代这段的中心大意：AI的弊端) In the short term, it is likely that we will see a rise in unemployment as workers in various industries are replaced by machines or software programs.(分论点1：短期内AI对就业的负面影响) For example, self-driving vehicles are expected to cause redundancies in driving jobs, such as lorry drivers, taxi drivers and bus drivers. (以自动驾驶汽车为例佐证分论点观点)In the medium term, if intelligent technologies gradually take jobs away from humans, we may find that people become deskilled and lose their sense of purpose in life.(分论点2：中期AI对人们生存能力和生活意义的负面影响) A longer term fear is that computers become so intelligent that they begin to make decisions without human oversight and without regard for our well-being.(分论点3：长期来看，AI不可控，有损人类幸福)

　　【段落结构】主题句+分论点1+举例论证+分论点2+分论点3。

　　【好词好句】

　　① it is likely that 有可能……

　　② we will see a rise in unemployment “see”这个词用得很生动，意为“见证”

　　③ are replaced by 被……取代

　　④ self-driving vehicles对上一段的cars that use sensors and cameras to drive themselves进行同义替换

　　⑤ are expected to预计将……=be predicted/projected to do

　　⑥ Redundancies 冗余

　　⑦ Deskilled 非技能化的

　　⑧ computers become so intelligent that “so...that”意为“如此……以至于”引导结果状语从句

　　⑨ oversight 监管 同义词：supervision

　　⑩ without regard for 不考虑

　　【结尾段】In conclusion(总结性用词), while intelligent machines will no doubt improve our lives in many ways, the potential risks of such technologies should not be ignored.(用让步状语从句表达出立场：有利有弊)

　　【段落结构】：虽然论点1有道理，但是论点2也有道理

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　　第三步：根据范文框架结构及好词好句仿写范文

　　回忆范文的段落展开方式、论据展开论证方式、句式以及词汇短语，尽可能把学到的知识点用于自己的写作。

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　　第四步：对照范文和自己仿写的文章进行修改提升

　　以上就是我们分析范文的步骤。范文这么稀缺宝贵的学习资料断不能看一遍就过，同学们要做的就是将范文的思路观点、衔接手段、词汇、句式消化吸收，用于自己的写作。相信大家通过分析范文并进行仿写，写作会有很大改观，更多学习干货欢迎来北京朴新环球雅思get√!